A flow is called rotational if ∇×V≠0 at every point in a flow. The fluid element has a finite angular velocity. A flow field is called irrotational if ∇×V=0 at every point in a flow. The fluid elements have no angular velocity and the motion is translation.
Example: A velocity field has a radial component of velocity Vr=0 and tangential components of velocity Vθ=4r, respectively. Is this flow rotational or irrotational?
Solution: Here Vr=0 and Vθ=4r∇×→V=ez[∂Vθ∂r+Vθr−1r∂(Vr)∂θ]∇×→V=ez[∂(4r)∂r+4rr−1r∂(0)∂θ]∇×→V=ez[4+4−0]=8ez
therefore, ∇×→V= finite.The flow is rotational.
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